How To Make Radar With Arduino UNO Using Ultrasonic Sensor

 

Creating a radar system with an Arduino UNO and an ultrasonic sensor involves a few straight forward steps. First, you'll need to connect the ultrasonic sensor's trigger pin to one of the Arduino’s digital output pins and the echo pin to a digital input pin. Then, write a simple Arduino sketch to send a pulse from the trigger pin and measure the duration of the pulse received on the echo pin. This duration, proportional to the distance of an object from the sensor, can be calculated using the speed of sound. By continuously taking readings and mapping them to distances, you can plot these measurements to visualize objects in your environment, effectively creating a basic radar system. To display the results, you could use a serial monitor or even integrate an LCD display for real-time feedback.

Here is the code below ,-

//radar.ino

#include <Servo.h> 

const int trigPin = 9;

const int echoPin = 8;

long duration;

int distance;

Servo myServo; 

void setup() {

  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); 

  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); 

  Serial.begin(9600);

  myServo.attach(6);

}

void loop() {

  

  for(int i=15;i<=165;i++){  

  myServo.write(i);

  delay(30);

  distance = calculateDistance();

  

  Serial.print(i); 

  Serial.print(","); 

  Serial.print(distance); 

  Serial.print("."); 

  }

  

  for(int i=165;i>15;i--){  

  myServo.write(i);

  delay(30);

  distance = calculateDistance();

  Serial.print(i);

  Serial.print(",");

  Serial.print(distance);

  Serial.print(".");

  }

}

int calculateDistance(){ 

  

  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); 

  delayMicroseconds(2);

  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); 

  delayMicroseconds(10);

  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

  distance= duration*0.034/2;

  return distance;

}

Now you have to download the processing app from processing.org website. Then unzip and extract the file and open Processing.exe file and paste the code below and run.

//radar_view.pde

import processing.serial.*; 

import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; 

import java.io.IOException;

Serial myPort; 

String angle="";

String distance="";

String data="";

String noObject;

float pixsDistance;

int iAngle, iDistance;

int index1=0;

int index2=0;

PFont orcFont;

void setup() {

  

 size (1920, 1080);

 smooth();

 myPort = new Serial(this,"COM7", 9600); 

 myPort.bufferUntil('.'); 

}

void draw() {

  

  fill(98,245,31);

  

  noStroke();

  fill(0,4); 

  rect(0, 0, width, 1010); 

  

  fill(98,245,31); 

  drawRadar(); 

  drawLine();

  drawObject();

  drawText();

}

void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { 

  

  data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');

  data = data.substring(0,data.length()-1);

  

  index1 = data.indexOf(","); 

  angle= data.substring(0, index1); 

  distance= data.substring(index1+1, data.length()); 

  

  iAngle = int(angle);

  iDistance = int(distance);

}

void drawRadar() {

  pushMatrix();

  translate(960,1000);

  noFill();

  strokeWeight(2);

  stroke(98,245,31);

  arc(0,0,1800,1800,PI,TWO_PI);

  arc(0,0,1400,1400,PI,TWO_PI);

  arc(0,0,1000,1000,PI,TWO_PI);

  arc(0,0,600,600,PI,TWO_PI);

  line(-960,0,960,0);

  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(30)),-960*sin(radians(30)));

  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(60)),-960*sin(radians(60)));

  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(90)),-960*sin(radians(90)));

  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(120)),-960*sin(radians(120)));

  line(0,0,-960*cos(radians(150)),-960*sin(radians(150)));

  line(-960*cos(radians(30)),0,960,0);

  popMatrix();

}

void drawObject() {

  pushMatrix();

  translate(960,1000); 

  strokeWeight(9);

  stroke(255,10,10);

  pixsDistance = iDistance*22.5; 

  if(iDistance<60){

  line(pixsDistance*cos(radians(iAngle)),-pixsDistance*sin(radians(iAngle)),950*cos(radians(iAngle)),-950*sin(radians(iAngle)));

  }

  popMatrix();

}

void drawLine() {

  pushMatrix();

  strokeWeight(9);

  stroke(30,250,60);

  translate(960,1000); 

  line(0,0,950*cos(radians(iAngle)),-950*sin(radians(iAngle)));

  popMatrix();

}

void drawText() { 

  

  pushMatrix();

  if(iDistance>40) {

  noObject = "Out of Range";

  }

  else {

  noObject = "In Range";

  }

  fill(0,0,0);

  noStroke();

  rect(0, 1010, width, 1080);

  fill(98,245,31);

  textSize(25);

  text("10cm",1180,990);

  text("20cm",1380,990);

  text("30cm",1580,990);

  text("40cm",1780,990);

  textSize(40);

  text("Object: " + noObject, 240, 1050);

  text("Angle: " + iAngle +" °", 1050, 1050);

  text("Distance: ", 1380, 1050);

  if(iDistance<40) {

  text("        " + iDistance +" cm", 1400, 1050);

  }

  textSize(25);

  fill(98,245,60);

  translate(961+960*cos(radians(30)),982-960*sin(radians(30)));

  rotate(-radians(-60));

  text("30°",0,0);

  resetMatrix();

  translate(954+960*cos(radians(60)),984-960*sin(radians(60)));

  rotate(-radians(-30));

  text("60°",0,0);

  resetMatrix();

  translate(945+960*cos(radians(90)),990-960*sin(radians(90)));

  rotate(radians(0));

  text("90°",0,0);

  resetMatrix();

  translate(935+960*cos(radians(120)),1003-960*sin(radians(120)));

  rotate(radians(-30));

  text("120°",0,0);

  resetMatrix();

  translate(940+960*cos(radians(150)),1018-960*sin(radians(150)));

  rotate(radians(-60));

  text("150°",0,0);

  popMatrix(); 

}